Apparatus for cracking oils under pressure



July 14, 1925.

C. ELLIS APPARATUS FOR CRACKING OILS UNDER PRESSURE Original Filed Oct. 4, 1915 est: Inventor: 4

iv: a my 3 r GEAGZEEZTG {Hi5 UN PRESSURE.

secretion files fie: her 4, lei

Q riQE/ may concern: ii; leis-W11 that i, Ciimihron E me, a

o the United States, and a resident ii in the county of Essex and oil li-l ersey have invented certain ind us 'ilimprovements in Apparatus lji'eclziii Gils Under Pressure, of which foliowing is a specification The ilivehticn releases to she manu- J can oils. 1%-

cm the followiicaiiy and parsially in M s .1 T I s i Lis siidabie mi cairymg the s eilec-x KlTOPaT se 1 composer. which i r 'i g. 1 rec lo be heasec.

material passes snbiected to thermal ocec i xicion during such travel. if

lbs the velocity firiivelbi the h drocei'bon material and the tempera-1h oi the surrounding heating 1 :JOI' QlOQE-Kl "with respecfi to i quainiey of steam may be so she decompoeer along with val srs qnantiiy of steam to provide Water up to -50%,

of eco i G. or so, they pass so a vessel or con'c insulilzed to prevent loss of heal iicl. container the heated hydrocarbon terieis l AlQlLgO further reaction i 1i i simple, by incl 5, Serial We. 1793,2377. Divided. and this application mes Hcvember Serial No. 2S,-502.

Ydensed product may, if desired, be redistilled or refined by means of sulfuric acid and alkali or subjected to any other method of treatment, although in. general this is unnecessary When the producls are passed through a hydrogenating device, such as is shown in the application of which this is a division.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the numeral 1 indicates furnace structure cohsaining battery of heiicing tubes as shown at; l. These tubes consist of pipes set horizontally or praciicuily so connected end to cnd in such manner as to form a. continuous passage from the upper horizontal lubcsio the: lower ones. They healed by any suitable means, for gas supplied through the Jew/J. iii stack or chimney opening 3 for 'ieinovsl of the spent gases or produces of combustion, provided. A feed pipe 5 serves for the introduction of oil, oi vapors, oil and Wfiiel, steam and oil, or the vapors oi? and oil. These p downwardly through the several series of healing pipes and then by 6, are taken. to the inanifold 7 which communicates with the drum 8 which, as clearlyindice'ted in the drawing, is of much greater diameter clan the decomposing heating tubes. The drum is pyeferably of considerable length with reference to its diameter and has an inlet for hydrocarbon material at one end and its outlet- 9 preferably at the other end. The producbs of combustion from the heaters below the decomposing tubes pass up and around the drum and in some cases may add heat to it and in other cases serve more as an inside-sing blanket of heated sir to prevent any substantial drop of ieinperature in the drum 8. The hydrocarbon. material ravels slowly through the drum so that further conversion may take place shereih.

The outlet pipe, 9, leads to a suitable condenser or cooling device 10, from which products are discharged through pipe, 11, trap 12, and valve 14. Gases separated at the trap 12 may be discharged through the valved pipe Steain'may be supplied to the system ln'ough pipe 16, provided with valve 17. Hydrocarbon material may be forced into the system under any desired pressure by pump 15.

tubes and an excess is employed, this Will appear later on condensation and suitable means should be provided for its removal. The apparatus may be run at a slight pres sure or a considerable pressure, as several atmospheres may be employed if desired. This application is a division of my prior application, Serial No. 798,377, filed October it, 1913..

What I claim is -1. In apparatus for the manufacture of gasoline by cracking a heavier oil, the combination of a housing and furnace setting equipped With a fire box, above said the box a nest at heating pipes united end-to end to form a continuous, tortuous passage, a drum superposed above saidpipes and connected therewith, the cross sectional area of said drum being relatively very much larger than the cross sectional area of the heating pipes, a single outlet for said druin a cooler at tached thereto, said cooler being providedat its discharge end with a valve, whereby the entire apparatus may be maintained under pressure; and means for causing oil to pass through said heating pipes into said heating pipes, a single outlet for said tank, a cooler attached thereto, said coolerbeing provided at its discharge end with a valve whereby the entire apparatus may be maintained 'under pressure and means for causing oil to pass through said heating pipes into said collecting tank.

' 3. In apparatus for the manufacture of gasoline by cracking a heavier oil, the combination of a housing and a it ace setting providing a heating zone, a nest of heating pipes for heating oil to decomposing temperatures in said heating zone, 169118 if'or cans-- ing oil to flow therethrough, a tank forming a collecting and digesting receptacle into which said pipes discharge, the cross sec tional' area of said tank being relatively very much larger than the cross sectional area of the heating pipes, 21- single outlet from the tank, means for cooling decomposed oil products, and means for maintaining the apparatus under superatinospheric pressure. 4. In apparatus for the manufacture of gasoline by cracking a heavier oil, the combination of the coil of pipes, means for forcing hydrocarbon oil therethrough, a digestion tank into which the coil discharges freely, said tank having a cross-seetional area much larger than the cross-sectional area of the pipes 01" the coil, the tank having a single outlet for converted products, means for supplying heat to the coils and for pre venting substantial temperature drop in the tank, and means for maintaining the entire apparatus under su err-atmospheric pressure,

ARL'ETON ELLIS. 

